{"id":775,"date":"2018-06-15T15:13:49","date_gmt":"2018-06-15T15:13:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ruxandravoinea.ro\/?p=775"},"modified":"2019-02-18T13:59:02","modified_gmt":"2019-02-18T13:59:02","slug":"pionierele-psihanalizei-copiilor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ruxandravoinea.ro\/index.php\/2018\/06\/15\/pionierele-psihanalizei-copiilor\/","title":{"rendered":"Pionierele psihanalizei copiilor"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Pot psihoterapeu\u021bii s\u0103 \u00een\u021beleag\u0103 copilul care sufer\u0103? Copilul nu poate relata ceea ce i se \u00eentampl\u0103 a\u0219a u\u0219or ca adultul. Cum \u00eel pot ajuta psihanali\u0219tii? Este posibil\u0103 ameliorarea simptomelor copiilor? Sunt \u00eentreb\u0103rile la care au r\u0103spuns cele ce au deschis drumul \u00een abordarea psihoterapeutic\u0103 a copiilor, at\u00e2t prin studii, cercet\u0103ri pe grupuri diverse, c\u00e2t \u0219i prin practica \u0219i teoria pe care au lasat-o viitoarelor genera\u021bii. \u00cen ultimii 100 de ani, numeroase modific\u0103ri \u0219i ad\u0103giri au venit \u00een ajutrorul diversita\u021bii problematicilor cu care psihanali\u0219tii \u0219i psihoterapeu\u021bii se confrunt\u0103. Au ap\u0103rut \u0219i alte forme terapeutice ce ajut\u0103 copii, \u00eens\u0103 impactul \u0219i anumite tehnici \u0219i teorii ale celor dou\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2n actuale.<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\">Anna Freud<\/h4>\n<p>Anna Freud (3.12.1895 \u2013 9.10.1982), cea mai mic\u0103 fat\u0103 a lui Sigmund Freud s-a n\u0103scut \u00een Viena. Profesoar\u0103 \u0219i ulterior psihanalist\u0103, lucr\u0103rile ei au subliniat importan\u021ba Eului \u0219i a nivelurilor, &#8220;liniilor sale de dezvoltare&#8221; normale. A scris \u0219i a publicat numeroase opere psihanalitice.\u00a0Contribu\u021bia Anei Freud este una remarcabil\u0103, reprezent\u00e2nd un efort de peste 50 de ani. \u00cen 1952 \u00eempreun\u0103 cu Kate Friedlander a pus bazele Centrului de Formare \u0219i Practic\u0103 Clinica Hampsted unde au fost realizate numeroase studii \u0219i cercet\u0103ri. Ulterior deschide \u0219i Clinica The Well Baby, Grupul The Mother and Toddler, The War Nurseries.\u00a0A ajutat copiii orfani din vremea r\u0103zboiului, supravie\u021buitori ai holocaustului sau pe cei cu diverse probleme. Este prima care a dezvoltat \u0219i a scris o carte despre mecanismele de ap\u0103rare: &#8220;Eul \u0219i mecanismele defensive&#8221;, ar\u0103t\u00e2nd c\u0103 \u00eencerc\u0103m s\u0103 ne protej\u0103m Eul prin numeroase mecanisme \u00een fa\u021ba problemelor sau a suferin\u021bei. Pe termen lung, folosind aceste metode defensive ne protej\u0103m \u0219i de o dezvoltare matur\u0103.<\/p>\n<div class='embed-container'><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/v80Nd8w1uts?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p>Ana Freud\u00a0 \u00eencepe \u00een 1936 s\u0103 trateze copii prin metoda psihanalitic\u0103. C\u00e2teva aspecte importante:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>observarea direct\u0103 ce conduce c\u0103tre o psihologie psihanalitic\u0103 a copilului<\/li>\n<li>rolul mediului \u00een dezvoltare, diferen\u021ba major\u0103 fa\u021b\u0103 de psihanaliza adultului<\/li>\n<li>dimensiunea anturajului aduce o relevan\u021b\u0103 a conflictelor de adaptare \u0219i a conflictelor reactive<\/li>\n<li>copilul are o modalitate de desf\u0103\u0219urare regulat\u0103, conceptualiz\u00e2nd astfel liniile de dezvoltare ale copiilor<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Cite\u015fte \u015fi despre\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ruxandravoinea.ro\/index.php\/2018\/06\/17\/boris-cyrulnik-bucuresti\/\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">&#8220;<\/span>Boris Cyrulnik \u00een Bucure\u0219ti<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">&#8220;<\/span><\/a><\/h6>\n<h5 class=\"hero-title\" style=\"text-align: center;\">Melanie Klein<\/h5>\n<p>Melanie Klein (1882-1960) aduce un impact considerabil \u00een \u00een\u021belegerea psihozelor \u0219i autismului. Se preocup\u0103 de analiza mecanismelor profunde care condi\u021bionaeaz\u0103 al\u0103turi de hazardurile economice \u0219i politice distrugerea spa\u021biului psihic \u0219i nimicirea vie\u021bii spirituale. \u00cembog\u0103\u021bind teoria freudiana, baz\u00e2ndu-\u0219i teoria pe aplicarea principiilor \u00een terapia cu copii, influen\u021beaz\u0103 psihanaliza britanic\u0103 (W.R.Bion, D.W. Winnicott, Frances Tustin). Vede psihanaliza ca arta de a trata capacitatea de a g\u00e2ndi.<\/p>\n<div class='embed-container'><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/HU3iSW6WTo8?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\">Controverse<\/h4>\n<p>Marile Controverse ale Societ\u0103\u021bii Britanice de Psihanaliz\u0103 dintre 1941 \u0219i 1945, se datoreaz\u0103 curentelor diferite \u00een abordarea psihanalizei copiilor ale celor dou\u0103 femei \u0219i ale celor ce le sus\u021bin. Ambele vin \u00een completarea teoriilor freudiene, \u00eens\u0103 at\u00e2t \u00een teoria c\u00e2t \u0219i \u00een practica lor apar diferen\u021be majore.<\/p>\n<p>Melanie Klein considera c\u0103 bebelu\u0219ul are \u00eenc\u0103 de la na\u0219tere capacitatea de a forma interac\u021biuni sociale, iar \u00een lumea sa intern\u0103 apar prezente imagini \u00eenc\u0103 neconturate, dar perceptibile ale figurilor de ata\u0219ament, mai ales a celei materne. Ana Freud, continu\u00e2nd \u00een acest aspect ideea tat\u0103lui ei, crede c\u0103 \u00een prima perioada a vie\u021bii bebelu\u0219ul este centrat pe lumea sa intern\u0103, pe nevoile sale, totul fiind nou \u0219i \u00een curs de descoperire, neexist\u00e2nd o diferen\u021biere fizic\u0103 sau psihic\u0103 \u00eentre lumea sa \u0219i cea a mamei \u00een momentul interac\u021biunii.<\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Cite\u015fte \u015fi despre <a style=\"color: #ff0000;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ruxandravoinea.ro\/index.php\/2018\/06\/24\/copilul-la-psihoterapeut\/\">&#8220;Copilul la psihoterapeut&#8221;<\/a><\/span><\/h6>\n<p>Datorit\u0103 disensiunilor teoretice, fiind nevoite s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i explice teoria \u0219i s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i valideze experien\u021ba psihoterapeutic\u0103, au dezvoltat \u0219i \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit constant maniera de tratare a dificult\u0103\u021biilor copiilor \u0219i adolescen\u021bilor. Astfel, ambele contribu\u021bii sunt esen\u021biale pentru practicienii debutan\u021bi \u0219i nu numai.<\/p>\n<p>Teoriile Anei Freud sunt populare \u00een America, pe c\u00e2nd cele ale Melaniee Klein \u00een Marea Britanie.<\/p>\n<div class=\"linkbox\">\n<p>Ruxandra Voinea,<\/p>\n<p>Psiholog \u0219i Psihoterapeut<\/p>\n<p>Telefon: <a href=\"tel:0724551022\">0724551022<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Email: <a href=\"mailto:voinea_ruxandra_cristina@yahoo.com\">voinea_ruxandra_cristina@yahoo.com <\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"mailto:valorificarepersonala@gmail.com\">valorificarepersonala@gmail.com <\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pot psihoterapeu\u021bii s\u0103 \u00een\u021beleag\u0103 copilul care sufer\u0103? Copilul nu poate relata ceea ce i se \u00eentampl\u0103 a\u0219a u\u0219or ca adultul. Cum \u00eel pot ajuta psihanali\u0219tii? Este posibil\u0103 ameliorarea simptomelor copiilor? Sunt \u00eentreb\u0103rile la care au r\u0103spuns cele ce au deschis drumul \u00een abordarea psihoterapeutic\u0103 a copiilor, at\u00e2t prin studii, cercet\u0103ri pe grupuri diverse, c\u00e2t \u0219i prin practica \u0219i teoria pe care au lasat-o viitoarelor genera\u021bii. \u00cen ultimii 100 de ani, numeroase modific\u0103ri \u0219i ad\u0103giri au&hellip; <br \/> <a class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ruxandravoinea.ro\/index.php\/2018\/06\/15\/pionierele-psihanalizei-copiilor\/\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":361,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Pionierele psihanalizei copiilor - Pionierele psihanalizei copiilor<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Pionierele psihanalizei copiilor deyvolt\u0103 psihoterapia copiilor prin cercet\u0103ri, practic\u0103 \u0219i teorie. 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